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WWII & Australia: Japan Enters the War

Investigate Australia's role in WWII with these resources

World War II significant events timeline | Timetoast timelines

Source: Timetoast

In December 1941 Japan, already at war with China, attacked British, Dutch and American territories in Asia and the Pacific. By June 1942, Japanese conquests encompassed a vast area of south-east Asia and the western Pacific. Under Japanese occupation, prisoners of war and enslaved civilians were forced to work for their captors in harsh and often inhuman conditions. Read through the resources below to learn more about Japan's reasons for joining World War II and their role in the war.


World War II in the Pacific (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, n.d.)

Japanese expansion in East Asia began in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria and continued in 1937 with a brutal attack on China. On September 27, 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, thus entering the military alliance known as the "Axis." Seeking to curb Japanese aggression and force a withdrawal of Japanese forces from Manchuria and China, the United States imposed economic sanctions on Japan. Faced with severe shortages of oil and other natural resources and driven by the ambition to displace the United States as the dominant Pacific power, Japan decided to attack the United States and British forces in Asia and seize the resources of Southeast Asia. Read through this article to learn more.


What sparked Japan's aggression in World War II? (Slate, 2014, July 7)

Japan’s actions from 1852 to 1945 were motivated by a deep desire to avoid the fate of 19th-century China and to become a great power. Read through this article to learn more.


The path to Pearl Harbor (National WWII Museum, n.d.)

On December 7, 1941, Japan staged a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, decimating the US Pacific Fleet. When Germany and Italy declared war on the United States days later, America found itself in a global war. While Japan’s deadly assault on Pearl Harbor stunned Americans, its roots stretched back more than four decades. Read through this article to learn more.


Japan's quest for power and World War II in Asia (Asia for Educators, n.d.)

This article takes an in-depth look at the reasons why Japan militarised and joined World War II.


Remembering Pearl Harbor: a Pearl Harbor fact sheet (National World War II Museum, n.d.)

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese military launched a surprise attack on the United States Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Since early 1941 the U.S. had been supplying Great Britain in its fight against the Nazis. It had also been pressuring Japan to halt its military expansion in Asia and the Pacific. With the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. could no longer avoid an active fight. Read through this fact sheet to learn more.


The early war in the Pacific (Lumen Learning, n.d.)

Beginning in the 1930s, Japan aggressively expanded the territories under its influence, taking over parts of China, invading territories claimed by the Soviet Union, and fighting across the Pacific during World War II. Read through this website to learn more.


Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? (Imperial War Museums, n.d.)

Japan attacked the U.S Pacific Fleet at its base at Pearl Harbor on the 7th of December 1941, but what led to that decision? Why did the Japanese attack the USA? - The answer is oil. Read through this resource to learn more.


Timeline of events in Japan (Facing History, n.d.)

This article looks at Japan's history from 1853 right through to after World War II.


Major Pacific battles (PBS, n.d.)

In December 1941 Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, Hawai'i, causing the U.S. to enter World War II.  Read through this list for an overview of some of the major battles from this theatre of war.


Shifting tides: Australia and the Pacific in the Second World War (ANZAC portal, 2020)

Shifting Tides: Australia and the Pacific in the Second World War is designed to introduce students to significant campaigns in the war against Japan in Asia and the Pacific, as well as the impact on Australia. It includes lots of great resources to help you with your study of World War II in the Pacific.


Pearl Harbor: a rude awakening (BBC, 2011, March 30)

How did American intelligence fail to give warning of the devastating Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, nearly three years into World War Two? According to Bruce Robinson, the conspiracy theorists have got it all wrong.